Augustine comes to prefer the Catholic Church’s epistemic modesty—inviting belief in undemonstrable matters—over the Manichees’ rash promise of scientific certainty, and he argues that belief in unverified testimonies is rational and practically unavoidable, since much of human life (including knowledge of one’s own parents) rests on trusting what one has not seen.
By Augustin d'Hippone, from Les Confessions
Key Arguments
- He explicitly states his new preference: ‘From this time on, however, I now gave my preference to the Catholic faith.’
- He contrasts Catholic modesty with Manichaean pretension: ‘I thought it more modest and not in the least misleading to be told by the Church to believe what could not be demonstrated… rather than from the Manichees to have a rash promise of knowledge with mockery of mere belief, and then afterwards to be ordered to believe many fabulous and absurd myths impossible to prove true.’
- He notes a gradual interior calming by God: ‘Then little by little, Lord, with a most gentle and merciful hand you touched and calmed my heart.’
- He reflects that human life is pervaded by beliefs about unseen events, places, and facts: ‘I considered the innumerable things I believed which I had not seen, events which occurred when I was not present, such as many incidents in the history of the nations, many facts concerning places and cities which I had never seen, many things accepted on the word of friends, many from physicians, many from other people.’
- He asserts a practical principle: ‘Unless we believed what we were told, we would do nothing at all in this life.’
- He uses his certainty about his own parents as a paradigmatic case of rational belief based solely on testimony: ‘Finally, I realized how unmoveably sure I was about the identity of my parents from whom I came, which I could not know unless I believed what I had heard.’
Source Quotes
While it could not be healed except by believing, it was refusing to be healed for fear of believing what is false. It resisted your healing hands, though you have prepared the medicines of faith,9 have applied them to the sicknesses of the world, and have given them such power. v (7) From this time on, however, I now gave my preference to the Catholic faith. I thought it more modest and not in the least misleading to be told by the Church to believe what could not be demonstrated—whether that was because a demonstration existed but could not be understood by all or whether the matter was not one open to rational proof—rather than from the Manichees to have a rash promise of knowledge with mockery of mere belief, and then afterwards to be ordered to believe many fabulous and absurd myths impossible to prove true.
It resisted your healing hands, though you have prepared the medicines of faith,9 have applied them to the sicknesses of the world, and have given them such power. v (7) From this time on, however, I now gave my preference to the Catholic faith. I thought it more modest and not in the least misleading to be told by the Church to believe what could not be demonstrated—whether that was because a demonstration existed but could not be understood by all or whether the matter was not one open to rational proof—rather than from the Manichees to have a rash promise of knowledge with mockery of mere belief, and then afterwards to be ordered to believe many fabulous and absurd myths impossible to prove true. Then little by little, Lord, with a most gentle and merciful hand you touched and calmed my heart.
Then little by little, Lord, with a most gentle and merciful hand you touched and calmed my heart. I considered the innumerable things I believed which I had not seen, events which occurred when I was not present, such as many incidents in the history of the nations, many facts concerning places and cities which I had never seen, many things accepted on the word of friends, many from physicians, many from other people. Unless we believed what we were told, we would do nothing at all in this life.
I considered the innumerable things I believed which I had not seen, events which occurred when I was not present, such as many incidents in the history of the nations, many facts concerning places and cities which I had never seen, many things accepted on the word of friends, many from physicians, many from other people. Unless we believed what we were told, we would do nothing at all in this life. Finally, I realized how unmoveably sure I was about the identity of my parents from whom I came, which I could not know unless I believed what I had heard.
Unless we believed what we were told, we would do nothing at all in this life. Finally, I realized how unmoveably sure I was about the identity of my parents from whom I came, which I could not know unless I believed what I had heard.
Key Concepts
- From this time on, however, I now gave my preference to the Catholic faith.
- I thought it more modest and not in the least misleading to be told by the Church to believe what could not be demonstrated—whether that was because a demonstration existed but could not be understood by all or whether the matter was not one open to rational proof—rather than from the Manichees to have a rash promise of knowledge with mockery of mere belief, and then afterwards to be ordered to believe many fabulous and absurd myths impossible to prove true.
- I considered the innumerable things I believed which I had not seen, events which occurred when I was not present, such as many incidents in the history of the nations, many facts concerning places and cities which I had never seen, many things accepted on the word of friends, many from physicians, many from other people.
- Unless we believed what we were told, we would do nothing at all in this life.
- Finally, I realized how unmoveably sure I was about the identity of my parents from whom I came, which I could not know unless I believed what I had heard.
Context
Book VI, section v (7): Augustine articulates an epistemology of faith and testimony, using it both to justify his move toward Catholicism and to critique Manichaean claims to demonstrative knowledge, while reflecting on the pervasive role of belief in ordinary human life.